![]() Just-learned associations led to comparable background connectivity between the hippocampus and V1/V2, regardless of whether actions predicted outcomes. However, three-day-old associations led to stronger background connectivity and greater differentiation between neural patterns for predictive vs. Hippocampal prediction may initially reflect indiscriminate binding of co-occurring events, with action information pruning weaker associations and leading to more selective and accurate predictions over time.Īs you open the door to a familiar room, you are able to anticipate specific objects that will come into view. A neural source of such predictions may be pattern completion in the hippocampus 1, 2, 3. Repeated experience and interaction allows associative learning mechanisms in the hippocampus to bind recurring patterns of objects and actions over space and time 4, 5. Once these links are formed, making an action in response to a familiar cue may prompt the hippocampus to retrieve a conjunctive representation of past events. ![]() ![]() These representations could contain information about the cue and action, but additionally the yet-to-occur sensory consequences of the action. These retrieved consequences could in turn get reinstated via feedback to sensory systems-a form of memory-based predictive coding of action outcomes.ĭecoding of stimulus-related information during action-based prediction provides suggestive evidence of a link between pattern completion in the hippocampus and predictive coding in early visual cortex (EVC) 3. For pre-learned cue–action–outcome sequences, qualitatively different stimulus representations were evoked in the hippocampus and EVC for predictive actions (i.e., actions that determine an outcome given a cue). Given a part of a sequence, the hippocampus represented the full cue–action–outcome sequence, and this was related within and across participants to evidence of the same outcome in EVC.
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